My Favorite Strategy For Shorting Shares



This article contains a quick introduction to shorting shares then presents my favorite strategy for finding shorts. I then put this strategy to the test on historical data before finishing up with some final tips.
Shorting Stocks Explained


Short selling is the process of selling a stock that you do not already own.


The principle reason why you would want to do this is because you think the company is overvalued and you want to make a bet that it will decline in value in the future. You may also want to short a stock in order to hedge your other long positions.


While it can sound confusing to sell something that isn’t yours, just remember that short selling is part of a free, capitalist market and is made possible by brokers, who act as intermediaries between investors and the exchange.


When you want to short a stock, your broker will lend you the shares, either from it’s own inventory or one of it’s partners.


Once you borrow the shares from your broker you can sell them at the market price and be compensated if the stock falls in value. Meanwhile, you will lose money if the stock rises in value.


At some point you will need to close, or cover, your short position by buying back the same number of shares that you sold and thereby returning them to your broker.


You can usually hold on to your short positions indefinitely, however, you will be likely be charged interest for each share you’ve sold and will also be liable to pay dividends on those shares.
My Favourite Strategy For Shorting Shares


Over the years I have done a lot of research into shorting stocks and I’ve realised that there are actually not many profitable methods available. I have tested lots of different ideas; from moving average crossovers, mean reversion strategies, volatility strategies etc. But most of the time shorting stocks is a losers game since stocks have a long-term upward bias.


However, even though stocks tend to go higher over the long-term, it is still true that many companies crash and burn and on short-term time horizons price movement can be very volatile.
Supernovae And Parabolic Trades


The best strategy I have found for shorting stocks is to look for companies that have had a significant run-up on heavy volume and then short them when they are extremely overbought.








Specifically, I am looking for a stock that has been bought up so aggressively – with each price bar becoming larger than the last – that the chart begins to look like a parabola.


When this occurs you can draw a quarter circle around the pattern and then it appears as though the stock is going up almost vertically. Volume should also spike significantly higher on the upward move.


Some traders like to call these types of stock patterns Supernovae while I prefer to just call them parabolic trades. No stock can go up forever, so when these patterns occur, they are very often followed by a swift reversal. This move is exacerbated by long traders taking their profits and as volume declines.
Putting The Supernovae Short Strategy To The Test


Michael Goode of Goode Trades suggests that a good screen to find supernovae stocks is to look for stocks possessing the following criteria:


• Stock has gained more than 99% over the last 5 days

• Price is between $0.25 and $15

• Average day range is above 8

• Volume is greater than 500,000 shares


When I tested this simple strategy on historical stock data containing all stocks in the S&P 1500 universe between 2000 and 2015 the initial results were good. (There was no indication of the correct holding time so I assumed a holding period of 5 days.)


The strategy recorded an extremely high win rate of 90% with an average profit/loss of 4.62% and a maximum drawdown of -11%. However, the strategy only produced a handful of trades. Thus it was necessary to widen the universe and broaden the criteria somewhat for test two.
Test Two


The rules above provide a simple framework for finding short trades. My own settings are very similar but I found that some tiny tweaks can improve the strategy even further.


In the following test, I loaded up historical data for the larger Russell 3000 universe into Amibroker and I instructed the program to short a stock if it met any of the following, slightly altered, rules:


• Stock has gained more than 80% over the last 5 days

• Price is between $2 and $20

• Volume is greater than 500,000 shares


In addition, the holding period was set at five days and all trade entries were made on the next day open. Capital was set at $100,000 with the equity split twenty times between each position. A maximum portfolio size of 10 shorts was selected and commissions were set at $0.01 per share.
Strategy Results


Running this strategy on the Russell 3000 universe between 1/1/2000 and 1/1/2015 produced an annualised return of 19.65% with a maximum drawdown of -17.47% and a win rate of 64%. The average profit/loss per trade was 5.54%.








So on the face of it these are good results.


And here is a trade example from the simulation above which produced a 30.3% profitable trade in $ZAZA:





You can see that the short trade was entered on the open on the 23rd October (red down arrow) and closed 5 days later for a profit (green up arrow). You can also see that volume spiked significantly higher on the up move and then died down. You can also see that the stock was in a longer-term downward trend when the pop-up took place. These are all factors that contribute to profitable shorts.


Thus far the results from this simple test have been good and could even be improved with more sophisticated rules and money management.


However, it must be remembered that simulations involving short trades are also more complex and therefore not necessarily as accurate as for long trade simulations – due to the limitations and difficulties involved in shorting.
Best Broker For Shorting Stocks


It is not nearly as easy to find stocks to short as it is to buy. Some brokers don’t allow short selling and some do not have much of an inventory.


In my experience, good brokers for shorting stocks are Interactive Brokers and Sure Trader.


However, my personal choice for shorting shares is IG Index, which is a UK-based spread betting company. The selection of companies is not as wide as with Interactive Brokers, but there are still plenty of opportunities to choose from.
Screening in Finviz


There are many different stock screeners around that will let you locate these types of ‘supernovae/parabolic’ stocks.


A quick and easy way is to go into Finviz and set up the following criteria in the screener. You can then look at each one individually to see if they fit the rules completely:



Final Tips For Shorting Shares


Lastly, you can probably improve on this strategy by using your own experience and intuition to locate the lowest risk trades. The following final tips will help you:


• Avoid shorting a stock near it’s dividend date. If you sell at the wrong time you will be liable to pay the yield to your broker.


• Don’t get too greedy. 20%-30% profit is a good target to shoot for with this method.


• It stands to reason that speculative businesses or stocks in riskier industries will be more volatile investments and therefore better shorts. For example, gold mining companies, oil explorers, early stage biotech companies with no revenue etc.


• Don’t get sucked into shorting penny stocks with low volume and wide spreads. These spreads will kill you as you might need to make 10% , 20% in profit just to break even. Stick to the criteria above.


• Don’t short a stock when volume is still increasing. The time to short is when the volume dies back and the stock begins to take a rest.


• Read the news to understand why the stock has shot up in the first place. This will give you a better idea of whether the move is an over-reaction or not.


• Keep an eye on the momentum and price movement of the stock to better determine your entry. You want to short when momentum and enthusiasm is slowing down.


• Use margin to leverage your short trades but be very conservative. Don’t risk more than 1% of your capital.


• Be careful shorting stocks when the broader market is significantly oversold as this can lead to sharp short squeezes and when the broader market rallies the tide can lift all boats. (Such as in 2009).


• It sometimes helps to keep an eye on StockTwits to gauge the sentiment behind the stock in question. If the sentiment ratio is declining it suggests traders are probably looking to book profits.


• Stocks in long-term down trends, that have spiked higher, normally make the best shorts.


One last thing


Stock prices can be explosive on the upside as well as the downside and often, significant price moves can take place overnight. That’s why it’s critical you risk only small amounts, no more than 1%.
Rounding up


There are always extra issues when shorting stocks than there are going long. Slippage can be a bigger issue and there are not always enough shares available from the broker to short. This means the real results may not be as accurate as shown here.


That said, this technique for finding supernova stocks and shorting them looks to have some merit. A simple, cash-only simulation found there was a profitable expectancy between 2000 and 2015 for the rules tested.


By introducing conservative levels of margin and following some extra rules, this strategy could well be a good one for traders looking to find profitable shorts.

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